Current status of Farm Animal Genetic Resources characterization in Ecuador

Abstract

Zoogenetic resources, particularly the diversity of production-oriented domestic animal breeds, represent the primary biological capital for livestock development and are crucial for food security and sustainable rural development. The extinction of these resources implies the loss of varieties adapted to the local ecosystem. Preserving local breeds for the future enables a resilient response to unforeseen events, such as climate change. In Ecuador, there is a lack of a clear overview regarding their characterization. This study aims to elucidate the current status of the characterization of these resources by compiling and analyzing existing research. The results reveal a greater emphasis on phenotypic characterization studies than on genetic studies, with the latter exhibiting a technological dependence on foreign universities. Concerning national institutions, universities in major urban centers are notably absent from research related to this subject. Regarding the species under investigation, bovines and pigs account for more than half of the research efforts.